The 3rd National Climate Change Adaptation Plan aims to engage a wide range of stakeholders in a systemic adaptation approach implemented across the entire territory of France. Indicators that highlight the impact of climate change on public health can contribute to this adaptation effort by demonstrating the already observable effects of climate change on health. This report describes the conceptual framework, definitions, and expected criteria for such indicators. The objective of the “climate change and health” indicators is to provide quantitative and concise information shedding light on a health issue likely to be influenced directly or indirectly by climate change, or by adaptation or mitigation policies, in order to encourage stakeholders to incorporate health considerations into adaptation and mitigation policies. Three sets of key criteria have been identified for an indicator to meet this objective: a criterion of relevance to climate change, metrological criteria, and pedagogical criteria. These criteria have been incorporated into analysis grids, which can be used to select relevant indicators. The indicators identified through this method are intended to illustrate the impacts of climate change on health. They cannot be used for other purposes, such as evaluating the effectiveness of a specific adaptation measure. They provide information for a given period and region, which does not allow for predictions about future trends. These trends can change rapidly, as climate changes are not linear. Furthermore, exposures and their impacts depend not only on climate change but also on the adaptation measures taken and on changes in other fundamental determinants of health, particularly social inequalities.