It is during the first year of life that the sensory system, language, and speech develop. A supportive environment for a child influences their overall health and, later on, their health as an adult. Conversely, the adversity a child faces is a potential factor in impaired health in adulthood. Social determinants have an impact on future health. These new epidemiological and biological data should not be misleading. They do not indicate any individual prediction and therefore do not imply personal determinism, thereby ruling out any notion of screening.