Introduction: In the context of an aging population, it seems important to better understand how social inequalities in health evolve over the course of a person’s life. This article examines the relationship between socioeconomic status and perceived health, and how this relationship changes with age. Materials and Methods: The data are drawn from the Survey on Health and Social Protection (ESPS) conducted between 2004 and 2012. The sample includes individuals aged 20 to 65 and comprises approximately 40,000 observations. Socioeconomic status is measured by education level and income, while health is quantified using the subjective health variable. The econometric models regress health on socioeconomic status, on the one hand, and on a set of interaction terms between socioeconomic status and age groups, on the other. The regressions account for individuals’ demographic characteristics as well as their birth cohort. Results: socioeconomic status is positively correlated with health status. The association between income and perceived health begins to strengthen in early adulthood, before plateauing and then declining after age 55. Discussion and Conclusion: Social inequalities in health increase, stabilize, and then decrease in adulthood in France. These changes may stem from lifestyle factors and working conditions.