Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity in the general population of New Caledonia aged 18 to 67 in 2010, as well as the associated sociodemographic risk factors. Methods: The New Caledonia Health Barometer (BSNC) is a cross-sectional survey, first conducted in 2010. It comprised two phases and two samples: a face-to-face self-report interview (Phase 1, n=2,513) and a health examination including anthropometric measurements (Phase 2, n=638). However, this examination was conducted only on a subsample of volunteers from Phase 1. Therefore, only self-reported anthropometric data were used to establish 2010 prevalence rates for overweight and obesity. These were then analyzed using univariate nominal polychotomous logistic regression. The study samples and results were adjusted using a raking ratio method based on the 2009 New Caledonian population census to ensure they were representative of the general New Caledonian population. Results: The prevalence rates are 27.7% (95% CI: [25.5–29.8]) for overweight and 26.5% (95% CI: [24.5–28.6]) for obesity. Sociodemographic risk factors include gender (overweight is more prevalent among men and obesity among women), age (increased risk of obesity for women; equal risk of overweight and obesity for men), province of residence, educational level, and employment status (inversely correlated), as well as ethnic origin (Melanesians and Polynesians are more vulnerable in both sexes). Conclusion: the prevalence of overweight and obesity is higher in New Caledonia than in mainland France; it is comparable to that observed in Australia and New Zealand, but lower than in other island nations in the Pacific region.