Key points: - Seven probable cases of SARS, including four confirmed cases, were detected in France in 2003, out of 437 possible cases reported to the InVS. The index case (confirmed case) has died. - All probable SARS cases were imported. Among them, two patients were infected by the index case during an international flight. - No secondary transmission has been identified within the country. - Based on the SARS experience, a specific and direct system for the detection, reporting, and investigation of unusual infectious events is being developed in partnership with infectious disease specialists as part of preparedness for emerging infectious risks. (R.A.)