Key points: - A second national survey on the prevalence of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) was conducted in 1,533 public and private French healthcare facilities, representing 77% of all hospital beds in France. - The prevalence of nosocomial infections was 7.5%; the prevalence of NI caused by a strain of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was 0.8%. - Urinary tract infections accounted for 40% of nosocomial infections. - Prevalence was higher in regional hospitals and long-term care facilities than in short-stay clinics and psychiatric facilities. (R.A.)