- Surveillance of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), excluding HIV/AIDS, relies on networks of laboratories or volunteer clinicians. - Overall increase in STIs in France between 1996 and 2005. - Resurgence of syphilis among homosexual men since 2000, most of whom were already infected with HIV, initially in the Île-de-France (IDF) region, then in other regions. - Increase in gonococcal infections since 1996, for both sexes and across all regions, but more pronounced in the IDF region. - Men account for the majority of gonococcal infection cases. - Increased antibiotic resistance among gonococci, particularly to ciprofloxacin, leading to recommendations for the use of ceftriaxone or cefixime for the treatment of acute gonorrhea in France (www.afssaps.fr). - Emergence of rectal lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) since 2003 among HIV-positive men who have sex with men. - Increase in Chlamydia urogenital infections between 1996 and 2005, particularly among young women under the age of 25. (R.A.)