This report provides an update on information regarding HIV infection and AIDS, building on previous reports on the subject by Professor Patrick Yeni. It offers technical, medical, and therapeutic recommendations, including: a description of the epidemiological situation in France in 2010; medical and therapeutic updates; guidelines for holistic patient care and for organizing care for those affected; a summary of prevention strategies. [publisher’s summary] Nathalie Lydié contributed to the chapter “Screening and New Methods for Preventing HIV Infection.”