Focus on Mortality Surveillance: The winter season is typically marked by an increase in mortality, particularly among the elderly. This trend is routinely monitored using data provided by INSEE as part of the SurSaUD® health surveillance system for emergencies and deaths (InVS). The estimates presented are provisional due to the usual delays in data transmission.In mainland France, since the start of the flu epidemic (mid-January), winter mortality from all causes (INSEE: 70% of national mortality) has been 19% higher than expected winter mortality, calculated based on the previous eight years, representing an estimated excess of 10,200 deaths. This increase in mortality particularly affects people aged 65 and older and is observed across all regions. In Auvergne, the excess mortality from all causes, estimated on the same basis between weeks 3 and 9, is +26%, corresponding to 300 additional deaths (INSEE: 60% of regional mortality). This rate ranks second among metropolitan regions, behind Limousin. The rise in all-cause mortality among those aged 65 and older was also observed this winter in about ten European countries. Across Europe, excess all-cause mortality is estimated at 80,000 deaths, across all age groups (http://www.euromomo.eu). The magnitude of excess mortality typically observed during winter periods varies, as mortality is influenced by various factors. The contribution of influenza to winter excess mortality is known to be significant among older adults. More generally, seasonal epidemics or cold spells contribute to increases in mortality, although it is difficult to precisely assess their respective roles. Wider use of electronic death certification would enable the InVS to obtain medical causes of death more promptly to document episodes of excess mortality.