The author, director of the Nord-Pas-de-Calais Regional Health Promotion Center, outlines his view of the relationship between people and their environment, arguing that the organization of the local environment—physical, social, economic, and cultural—should be conducive to well-being and health. This requires a dynamic approach that takes into account social development, planned actions, the issues to be addressed, and the institutional and professional context, while incorporating the active participation of the population within a community health framework. The limitations of applying this approach are revealed in the specific case of an initiative carried out as part of a neighborhood social development program focused on household accidents. The author reviews the definitions of the various levels of prevention: information, health education, community participation, health promotion, community health action, support from health and social networks, and primary health care.