In response to a referral from the Occitanie Regional Health Agency (ARS), Santé publique France assessed public health concerns regarding the Frontignan/Sète industrial zone by conducting an exploratory survey of the social context among several key stakeholders in 2019. This survey revealed the following concerns: - odor nuisance that varies depending on temperature, wind conditions, and specific municipalities and neighborhoods; - dust emissions from the bulk cargo terminal, the health impacts of which are under investigation; - symptoms attributed to air emissions: primarily respiratory issues, allergies, headaches, nausea, skin and eye irritation, and insomnia. From a health perspective, concerns centered on the effects of pollutants on health, particularly regarding the incidence of cancer, asthma, and cardiovascular and neurological conditions. A request was made for a study on cancer rates in the Frontignan/Sète area, with a comparison to other regions. Many people were aware of the limitations of this type of study, which does not allow for attributing a potential excess incidence to a specific source. Even if the figures from such a study were no higher than in the rest of the department, they would nevertheless serve to reassure the public. Based on this exploratory survey of stakeholders, it does not appear necessary to conduct a more in-depth contextual study, as a consensus has emerged among the stakeholders surveyed regarding the health studies to be implemented. Following this study and as part of its mandate to monitor the population’s health status, Santé publique France has begun, in collaboration with the Hérault Cancer Registry, methodological work to map cancer incidence at a fine geographic scale throughout the department, including the Frontignan/Sète area. The findings from this work should help address the expectations expressed locally.