Pediatric tuberculosis, a disease that still affects children in Europe today, deserves special attention. In 2010, 3,035 cases of pediatric tuberculosis (ages 0–14) were reported, with the reporting rate ranging from 0.0/100,000 to 25.3/100,000 across European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA) member states. Pediatric cases accounted for 4.1% of the 73,996 tuberculosis cases reported in 2010. Culture-confirmed pediatric tuberculosis cases accounted for 23.0% of cases, and only 11.5% had undergone antituberculosis drug susceptibility testing. The overall downward trend in reported cases in the EU/EEA over the past decade, described previously, is confirmed, but heterogeneity among Member States persists, with varying diagnostic practices. Measures must therefore be taken to improve the clinical management of children with tuberculosis and to curb the transmission of the disease, particularly to children, in the EU/EEA. (R.A.)