In recent years, the link between suicide and sexual orientation has been at the center of concerns and research on suicidal behavior. Recent studies have demonstrated a positive association between belonging to a sexual minority and suicide attempts or suicidal ideation. The available findings in France show varying effects depending on gender and sexual activity. They seem to indicate that the hypothesis of a link between homophobia and suicidal behavior is the strongest for understanding this increased risk of suicide. In addition to belonging to a sexual minority, gender non-conformity also exposes individuals to a higher risk. Suggestions for prevention are discussed. [author’s abstract]