West Nile virus

West Nile virus is an arbovirus primarily transmitted by mosquitoes that can cause neurological disorders in humans. It is a virus found in birds, but it can also infect humans and horses. In France, it is regularly detected in the Mediterranean region.

Our missions

  • Develop and oversee the epidemiological surveillance of West Nile virus infections in humans in mainland France and the overseas departments

  • Contribute to the multidisciplinary surveillance and prevention system covering humans, animals, and entomology

  • Inform healthcare professionals, local authorities, and the general public about mosquito prevention measures

The Disease

An arbovirus with an evolving and unpredictable epidemiology

West Nile Virus (WNV) is an arbovirus. Arboviruses—short for “arthropod-borne viruses”—are viruses transmitted by blood-feeding arthropods (notably mosquitoes, sandflies, and ticks). They belong to three main families: the Flaviviridae, ...

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Our Work

The West Nile virus affects several European regions every year. In France, it is regularly detected along the Mediterranean coast but has now also been identified in many other regions. Its epidemiology is evolving, influenced by various factors, particularly environmental and climatic ones.

Surv...

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Data

The West Nile Virus in France and Europe

Data for the year 2026 are included in the weekly bulletin on arboviral diseases in mainland France.

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Publications

Here you will find the latest scientific publications related to the studies and research conducted by Santé publique France.

2 publications