Introduction: Organized cancer screening has been supported since 2003 by a recommendation from the Council of the European Union (EU) and by the publication of guidelines for screening quality assurance. The objective of this article is to identify organized cervical cancer screening programs in Europe and to assess France’s position among them. Materials and Methods: There is no comprehensive inventory of cervical cancer screening programs on the European continent. Based on a review of the literature, an overview of the current situation was compiled. Results: In Europe, 14 countries have a national cervical cancer screening program, 8 of which have been in place for more than 20 years. Seven countries, including France, are developing regional programs, which reach between 4% and 72% of potentially affected women (13% in France). Finally, 11 countries rely solely on spontaneous screening initiated by individuals. Screening methods vary widely. The only test used to date is the cytological Pap smear. Two countries are considering the use of testing for oncogenic HPV but have not yet implemented it. Coverage rates in countries where national programs have been in place for over 20 years reach 70%. In France, this rate is exceeded in Alsace for women aged 25 to 65. Discussion and conclusion: There is a trend toward the widespread adoption of cervical cancer screening in European countries. Organizational disparities make it difficult to compare countries. A more active network of countries with existing or planned programs would be desirable, in order to share the experiences gained. (R.A.)