Introduction - Traffic-related injuries sustained during work activities, the leading cause of fatal workplace accidents, include both traffic accidents occurring while on a work assignment and those occurring during the commute between home and work. The objective was to identify the sectors most affected by this occupational risk. Methods - Data on workers’ compensation claims from the general Social Security system for the year 2017 were used. Victims of work-related traffic accidents were identified among victims of workplace accidents with at least four days of lost work time using an algorithm built with five variables describing the accident. The number and frequency rate of accidents, both overall and by industry sector, were analyzed separately for road accidents occurring during work assignments and during the commute to and from work. Results - Approximately three-quarters of the victims were injured during the commute to and from work (74%) and one-quarter during work assignments. The sectors identified as most affected by work-related accidents were passenger and freight road transport, non-hazardous waste collection, fast-food restaurants, driving instruction, home care, and ambulances; and for commuting accidents, human health and social work, certain retail activities, restaurants, and call centers. Discussion - The study identified sectors with a high number and frequency of work-related traffic accidents that could be prioritized for targeted prevention efforts. Further studies are needed to confirm these results and account for exposure to traffic risk (kilometers traveled, conditions under which these trips are made, and job-related constraints).