In April 2009, the World Health Organization (WHO) issued an international alert following the identification of a new strain of the H1N1 influenza virus. Shortly thereafter, on April 25, 2009, the alert was issued by the French Institute for Public Health Surveillance (InVS); an epidemiological surveillance system was then rapidly established to address this pandemic threat. In Auvergne, the epidemic wave occurred between the 46th and 53rd weeks of 2009. During these 8 weeks of the epidemic, 54,599 consultations for clinical influenza were recorded (Sentinelles network, SOS Médecins association, and hospital visits), representing an incidence rate of 4.1% of the Auvergne population. Approximately 37% of clinical influenza diagnoses made by the SOS Médecins association during this same period were in children under 15 years of age, and 25% in people over 65 years of age. During the epidemic wave, approximately 47% of samples collected by the Grog network from individuals with acute respiratory infections tested positive for the influenza A(H1N1)2009 virus. The number of cases hospitalized for influenza in Auvergne totaled 261 over the 8-week epidemic period. Between April 2009 and January 2010, 27 confirmed severe cases were reported, representing an incidence rate of 2.2 per 100,000 people, including five deaths that were likely linked to the influenza A(H1N1)2009 virus.