Since the heat wave of summer 2003, which caused 14,800 excess deaths between August 1 and 20, France has implemented a national heat wave plan, adapted to each department, designed to prevent and address the health consequences of a heat wave. The plan’s alert phases are activated by the Heat Wave and Health Alert System (SACS), which takes into account daily weather forecasts for temperatures and health indicators collected during the plan’s activation period from June 1 to August 31. This bulletin describes the health consequences of the heat wave observed in July 2006 in the Languedoc-Roussillon region. (R.A.)