Background - Since measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccination coverage in France was deemed insufficient, the MMR vaccination policy was revised in 2005 to maintain a high level of immunity; however, recurrent measles outbreaks are still observed in France today. Introduction - The objectives were to estimate the average ages at which the MMR vaccine was administered in France to children eligible under the recommendations in effect since July 2005 and to assess compliance with these recommendations. Materials and Methods - A multicenter observational study conducted in 13 pediatric emergency departments and 272 pharmacies among children who had received at least one MMR vaccine. The children were divided into two groups: those following a standard vaccination schedule and those presumed to have received early vaccination, starting at 9 months of age (for entry into a group setting before 12 months). Results - The analysis included 1,449 children who had received at least one dose of MMR. Among children following a standard vaccination schedule, the mean ages at which the first and second MMR vaccinations were administered were 13.4 and 23.2 months (emergency departments) and 14.1 and 25.6 months (pharmacies), respectively. For those presumed to have received early vaccination, they were 12.9 and 23.2 months (emergency rooms) and 13.6 and 25.4 months (pharmacies), respectively. Compliance rates with recommendations for the first and second doses were 32.2% and 51.2% (emergency departments) and 30.1% and 32.1% (pharmacies) for children receiving standard vaccination, and 19.6% and 4.0% (emergency departments) and 9.8% and 3.7% (pharmacies) for those receiving early vaccination. The average ages for the various vaccinations converged toward the recommendations over time, with a statistically significant difference between the different birth cohorts considered. Discussion-Conclusion - There has been a clear improvement in adherence to MMR vaccination recommendations in France over time, but infants entering childcare settings are vaccinated too late. (R.A.)