Introduction - Our objective was to identify the social, economic, and food insecurity factors associated with fruit and vegetable consumption among children in France. Methods - Food intake data were collected via three 24-hour dietary recalls from 1,627 children aged 3 to 17 years included in the National Nutrition and Health Survey (ENNS) in 2006–2007. The probabilities of low (<280 g/day) or moderate (280–400 g/day) fruit and vegetable consumption were compared to the probability of adequate consumption (=400 g/day) according to the social and economic characteristics of the children and their households, using multinomial logistic regressions. Results - The probability of low fruit and vegetable consumption was significantly higher among children from households where the reference person was self-employed (compared to managers and professionals: RRRa: 2.44 [1.30–4.56]), had a "middle school" education level (compared to post-high school education: RRRa: 2.79 [1.91–4.07]) and “high school” (RRRa: 1.70 [1.07–2.72]), and among those whose households were food insecure (compared to those who were not: RRRa: 2.76 [1.16–6.52]). Conclusion - Our results highlight that social, educational, and economic factors are independently associated with low fruit and vegetable consumption among children in France. (R.A.)