The ANRS-EN13-Vespa survey conducted in the Antilles-Guyana region provides an overview of the situation of people living with HIV who have been diagnosed and are receiving care across all specialized services, and complements the data from surveillance systems. This article will focus on providing a detailed description of the social situation of people living with HIV in 2003, identifying similarities and differences across regions, and characterizing the factors associated with late diagnosis and treatment failure. (Excerpt from the introduction)