In 2024, 15.6% of adults aged 18 to 79 experienced a major depressive episode (MDE). Women, young adults, and people living in precarious circumstances or who are socially isolated are most at risk. The severity of CDEs is higher among women and adults aged 18 to 59, peaking among those aged 40–49 (7.1% of episodes were severe). Remote workers, employees, and those in intermediate occupations are more likely to experience a CDE during the year. Forty-four percent of those who experienced a CDE during the year received no treatment, a proportion that rises to 54% among men. The primary care physician remains the first point of contact. More than half of farmers, artisans, merchants, business owners, and manual laborers who experienced an EDC during the year are not receiving treatment. There is relative geographic uniformity in EDC prevalence, although the regions of Réunion and Occitanie show a significantly higher proportion of EDC cases.