Objectives: Fifteen to 20 cases of tetanus are reported annually in France. The latest data showed that only 62% of adults were up to date with this vaccination. We investigated the factors associated with vaccination coverage as well as those associated with awareness of vaccination status. Methods: The analyses were conducted using data from the Health and Social Protection Survey (2002). We analyzed the association of certain factors with tetanus vaccination coverage and the association of these factors with knowledge of tetanus vaccination status. Results: Two demographic variables were associated solely with vaccination coverage (higher coverage among men and in certain regions of residence). Conversely, two socioeconomic variables were associated solely with knowledge of vaccination status (greater awareness among individuals from high-income families and among managers/professionals and employees). Furthermore, both vaccination coverage and awareness of vaccination status decreased with lower levels of education, among residents of large urban areas, and among those without private supplemental health insurance; both of these indicators were associated with age but in opposite directions. Conclusion: The factors influencing tetanus vaccination coverage are primarily demographic, whereas socioeconomic factors appear to influence knowledge of vaccination status most significantly. This distinction should enable the targeting of public health interventions and the tailoring of messages to the least-covered and least-informed groups. (R.A.)