Biomonitoring is a method of population surveillance used primarily in the field of environmental and occupational risks. It relies on biomarkers—biological indicators that reveal environmental exposure, diseases, disorders, or genetic predispositions. These are measured in bodily fluids or tissues (blood, urine, hair, saliva, breast milk, etc.). The method has the advantage of accounting for all exposure pathways and enabling the establishment of reference values, the identification of at-risk populations, and the monitoring of long-term trends.
At the European level, biomonitoring is now recognized as a strategic tool for defining and guiding regulatory policies on the use of potentially hazardous chemicals. For several years, the European Commission has been involved in developing and funding programs dedicated to biomonitoring, such as HBM4EU and, more recently, PARC—in which Santé publique France is heavily involved—which aims for broader objectives than human biomonitoring alone.
Established by Law No. 2009-967 of August 3, 2009, the PNBS has been managed by Santé publique France since 2010. Until now, it has relied on the Elfe cohort (2011), which helped define the perinatal component of the PNBS, and the Esteban cross-sectional survey conducted in the general population (2014–2016). All publications related to this work will be completed in 2021 and have enabled the following objectives to be met:
describe exposure levels to approximately 100 substances and establish exposure reference values;
compare exposure levels to these substances with the results of previous studies conducted in France (the ENNS study, 2006–2007) and abroad;
analyze the determinants of population exposure levels for certain measured substances.
To define the new terms of the national biomonitoring program, on October 23, 2018, the ministries of health, labor, research, agriculture, and the environment referred the matter to Santé publique France. The agency sought to organize a consultation with qualified experts to support its response by establishing a Thematic Support Committee (CAT) comprising several key partners and stakeholders in the field of biomonitoring, both in France and internationally. The first meeting took place in June 2021. These new procedures—which include, in particular, a method for prioritizing substances, the integration of research needs, and harmonization with the European PARC project—should enable the agency to meet the objectives mentioned above.
In parallel with ongoing discussions on the new procedures for the national biomonitoring program, Santé publique France has initiated the development of two biomonitoring studies: PestiRiv, a study on pesticide exposure among residents of wine-growing areas and those living far from any crops, as well as Kannari 2, a study on chlordecone exposure in the French West Indies.
This call for applications is intended to strengthen the expertise within the existing Scientific Council, which comprises six members (an environmental epidemiologist, a population health epidemiologist, two analysts, a food-borne chemical risk assessor, and an occupational physician specializing in biomonitoring).