In long-term care facilities for the elderly (Ehpa), a large number of cases and deaths due to acute respiratory infections (ARI) could be prevented through effective measures. For the third consecutive winter season (2005–2006, 2006–2007, and 2007–2008), tools for the prevention, self-monitoring, reporting, and control of ARIs were made available to the 768 EHPAs in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur (PACA) region. A questionnaire was then mailed to them at the end of the winter season to assess the effectiveness of the program. In 2007–2008, 58% of the long-term care facilities participated in the survey (69% in 2006–2007). Of these, 69% had an on-site coordinating physician and 70% had signed a tripartite agreement (49% in 2005–2006 and 54% in 2006–2007). Self-monitoring was in place in 57% of long-term care facilities, and rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) for influenza were available in 47% of them. Influenza vaccination coverage among residents (87%) and staff (38%), and pneumococcal vaccination coverage among residents (18%) were similar to previous years. In 2007–2008, 47 clusters of cases were reported in 38 long-term care facilities, 19 of which were reported in real time to the DDASS (five times more than in 2006–2007). The average attack rate per cluster was 18% among residents and 7% among staff. Eleven percent of cases were hospitalized; the case-fatality rate was 3%. Influenza rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) were used in 9 clusters, and oseltamivir was prescribed for prophylactic and/or curative purposes in 6 clusters. While long-term care facilities are now better prepared to deal with ARI outbreaks and report clusters of cases more frequently, staff vaccination coverage still needs to be significantly improved. The routine use of rapid diagnostic tests and the appropriate prescription of oseltamivir should be more widely encouraged. (R.A.)