Conduct disorder, particularly when accompanied by physical aggression, is a growing public health concern. Problems with aggressive behavior rarely emerge for the first time during adolescence; they are often preceded by disturbances in early childhood that could be identified earlier—or even prevented, to some extent. First, this study reviews the current definition of conduct disorder, its course, and the factors associated with it. Second, it provides an overview of the available and evaluated prevention programs in this field; programs that, paradoxically, are still little known and rarely implemented in France. [author’s abstract]